Bartolomé Esteban Murillo
The parable of the prodigal son is told in St. Luke's Gospel (15:11-32). The younger son of a wealthy father demanded his share of his inheritance and then left the family home. Having wasted many years abroad in a shameful existence, the young man, close to starvation, repented of his life and returned to his father's house. Unbeknownst to his family, he worked at the house as one of the servants. One day he was recognized by his father, who compassionately embraced him and rejoiced at his return.
In his picture Murillo emphasizes the Christian values of forgiveness and repentance, and most of all of charity, which is expressed by the maid carrying a robe for the distressed man. This canvas tells the final episode of the story and, along with another five canvases, was painted by the artist for an unknown patron. Four preliminary sketches for the series are in the Museo del Prado, Madrid, and another painted version is in the National Gallery of Art, Washington. The composition derives from a drawing by Annibale Carracci, which was later developed by Jacques Callot and Pietro Testa. Murillo undoubtedly knew the etchings of this subject by the two artists and used them as the models for his work.
The whole cycle of the Prodigal Son by Murillo can be seen at the National Gallery of Ireland. But if you can't visit the museum, you can visit the exhibition virtually here.
P.S. The Bible is a source of many interesting stories often depicted in paintings. Read here about Joseph and Potiphar’s wife, the dramatic story of a temptress and a slave!