John William Waterhouse
In the mythological story, Odysseus (Ulysses to the Romans) had a very difficult time returning home from the Trojan War. He sailed for years and years and couldn't reach his destination. One day, Odysseus and his crew reached the island of Circe, a powerful enchantress, renowned for her vast knowledge of potions and herbs. Circe, enraged by the disturbance of her peace, changed most of the crew into swine. Odysseus managed to persuade her to return them to human shape, lived with her for a year, and had sons by her, including Latinus and Telegonus.
In today's painting, Circe offers Odysseus a cup containing a potion with which she seeks to bring him under her spell as she has his crew. Odysseus can be seen in the mirror behind Circe's throne; a crewman, magically transformed into a pig, can be seen beside Circe's feet.
From the Renaissance, Circe became the archetype of the predatory female. According to some, her behavior made her notorious both as a magician and as a type of the sexually free woman. As such, she has been frequently depicted in all the arts.
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P.S. William Waterhouse was absolutely fascinated with Circe; he painted this mythological character several times. Get to know these truly enchanting depictions here!